Blow up. Flip out. Take off.

What the heck are these phrases considered, grammatically speaking?

Maybe you never exactly knew how to define them in English.

Moving on to Spanish studies, do you know the difference between echar and echar a?

Are they expressions? Idioms?

Well, yes, perhaps in a sense. But, more specifically, they’re an essential part of grammar called phrasal verbs.

English has a ton of phrasal verbs, but Spanish is also full of them.

Don’t worry. I’m going to explain everything you need to know here.

Learn these easy verb phrases to give your Spanish the kick in the butt it needs.

What Are Phrasal Verbs?

Phrasal verbs are verbs that change their meaning when a preposition or an adverb is added to them. Take “blow up” for example. Blow up doesn’t mean that you’re tilting your head back and blowing air towards the sky (unless you are, in which case you probably need to get a hobby).

Blow up means explode. “The Martians blew up the moon.” Of course, this doesn’t mean that they put a giant fan under it and blew the moon higher in the universe. No, they exploded it.

Phrasal verbs are constructed by adding a preposition or an adverb to the main verb.

Main verb + preposition/adverb = new meaning

Blow + up = explode

Flip + out = go crazy

Take + off = leave the ground

See, it’s easy. And it’s the same thing in Spanish. A preposition (de, con, and a are the most common) is added to a main verb to change the meaning of the verb. Take for example reírse. Reírse mean “to laugh.” But when you add the preposition de to it, reírse de, it means “to make fun of” or “to laugh at someone or something.”

Reírse + de = to make fun of, to laugh at

Me reí del chiste. (I laughed at the joke.)

Another example is dar con. By itself, dar means “to give.” But when combined with the preposition con, it means “to come upon or to find.”

Dar + con = to come upon, to find

Silvia dio con la solución a su problema. (Silvia found the solution to her problem.)

Why Learn Phrasal Verbs?

Phrasal verbs are an essential part of Spanish grammar. Many times the best or most common way to express an idea is by using a phrasal verb. You might already know acabar de, but if you don’t, this is by far the simplest, easiest and most common way to say that you have just done something. Yup, it’s a phrasal verb.

You need to know phrasal verbs because the difference between echar a and echar could mean you’ve just started a beautiful new relationship with a handsome Spaniardor that you’ve thrown it away. This tiny change has a huge impact on the meaning of the sentence.

With practice, you’ll have no problem distinguishing phrasal verbs in writing and in speech. Soon, using them will become second nature.

Here are 15 essential Spanish phrasal verbs to get you started.

To get started, we’re going to explore the Verbs of Action and Reaction.

Note that all of these expressions must be followed by an infinitive.

1. Echar a

Meaning: to start to, to begin to

Echar a is used with verbs of movement. You can speak about a new feeling if you make it reflexive: echarse a.

Me eché a investigar sobre los verbos con complemento preposicional en español. (I started investigating about phrasal verbs in Spanish.)

Pero cuando me di cuenta de lo fáciles que son, me eché a llorar. (But when I realized how easy they were, I began to cry.)

2. Dejar de

Meaning: to fail to, to stop, to neglect to

You’ll hear this very often in the command form.

Así que me dije—”¡Deja de estudiar!” (So I told myself, “Stop studying!”)

3. Acabar de

Meaning: to have just

Use this verb when you want to say that you’ve just finished doing something. I hope you never have to use it to say this:

Acabo de suspender mi examen de verbos. (I just failed my test on Spanish verbs.)

4. Volver a

Meaning: to return to doing something

This is the most common way to say that you’re going to begin something again.

Así que volví a estudiarlos. (So I started to study them again.)

5. Estar para

Meaning (Spain): to be about to

Meaning (Latin America): to be in the mood for

This is a tricky one. Not only are there a couple regional usage variations to keep in mind here, but you’ll also need to be careful not to confuse estar para with the next phrasal verb on this list.

Y ahora estoy para ir a España y practicar lo que aprendí. (And now I’m about to travel to Spain and practice what I learned.)

Next up, we’re going to explore some Verbs of the Mind.

6. Estar por

Meaning (Spain): to be in favor of

Meaning (Latin America): to be about to

In Spain, this is a great way to express what you would like to do. Use it to express your preferences. It’s strong but not rude. Like when you’re tired of museums. In Latin America, use it when you’re on the verge of doing something at the moment.

Me aburre el Reina Sofía; estoy por ir a Kapitol. (The Reina Sofia is boring; I say we go to Kapitol.)

7. Pensar de

Meaning (Spain): to think about, to have an opinion about

Once you learn this phrase, you’ll find yourself using it in all sorts of situations. This is the best way to express what you think about something. Be careful not to mix it up with the next phrasal verb on this list.

¿Qué piensas de la chica de los tacones azules? (What do you think about the girl with the blue heels?)

8. Pensar en

Meaning: to think of, to direct your thoughts to

This differs from the previous verb because it often implies intention. Use this to express what’s occupying your thoughts. Like the girl with the blue heels.

No puedo dejar de pensar en ti. (I can’t stop thinking about you.)

9. Soñar con

Meaning: to dream about

You probably already know soñar, but you might not know that when you’re talking about your dreams, you must use con. Note that you can follow con with either a noun or a verb.

Soñé con bailar con ella toda la noche. (I dreamed about dancing with her all night.)

10. Contar con

Meaning: to rely on, to count on

This is a great way to let someone know how important they are to you. Especially when you forget where you put her number.

¿Diego tiene el número? Sabía que podía contar con él. (Diego has the number? I knew I could count on him.)

Alright, now let’s move on to some Verbs of the Heart.

11. Reírse de

Meaning: to make fun of, to laugh at

This construction is absolutely essential if you want to express that you thought something was funny. Or you need to tell your friends why you’re at the bar.

Mi novia se rió de mí. (My girlfriend was laughing at me.)

12. Alegrarse de

Meaning: to be glad to

When you get bored with estar feliz, that old Spanish 101 phrase, alegrarsede is useful for saying that you’re happy about something. Like that you and your girlfriend have made up.

Me alegro de hacer las paces con mi novia. (I’m glad to make up with my girlfriend. / Making up with my girlfriend makes me happy.)

13. Enamorarse de

Meaning: to fall in love with

How could you travel to any Spanish-speaking country without knowing this verb?!

Al verla hacer una tortilla, me enamoré de ella de nuevo. (When I saw her making a tortilla, I fell in love with her all over again.)

14. Casarse con

Meaning: to marry

It’s a common mistake to leave out the preposition in this construction, but when you want to indicate that a person got married to someone, you have to use con.

Pero se casó con mi mejor amigo cuando le cantó una canción de Jarabe de Palo. (But she married my best friend when he sang her a Jarabe de Palo song.)

15. Echar de menos

Meaning: to miss

You’ll hear this expression often in Spain. It’s interchangeable with extrañar. Don’t forget to add a before the object.

Ahora que me ha dejado, echo de menos a Mercedes más que nunca. (Now that she has left me, I miss Mercedes more than ever.)

That’s it!

Now all it takes is a little practice and you’ll be speaking like a local in no time.

And once you get a grip on these 15 Spanish phrasal verbs, you’ll be more than ready to win over the man or woman of your dreams, fall in love, get married and miss them when they go away on business trips.

Now, keep studying to take your Spanish to the next level!

And One More Thing…

If you like learning memorable Spanish lessons that help you speak more like a native, then you’ll love FluentU.

FluentU takes real-world videos like music videos, commercials, news, and inspiring talks and turns them into Spanish learning experiences.

Other sites use scripted content. FluentU uses a natural approach that helps you ease into the Spanish language and culture over time. You’ll learn Spanish as it’s actually spoken by real people.

FluentU has a wide variety of videos—topics like soccer, TV shows, business, movies and even magical realism, as you can see here:

FluentU brings native videos within reach with interactive transcripts. You can tap on any word to look it up instantly. Every definition has examples that have been written to help you understand how the word is used. If you see an interesting word you don’t know, you can add it to a vocab list.

Learn all the vocabulary in any video with FluentU’s Learn Mode. Swipe left or right to see more examples of the word you’re on.

The best part is that FluentU keeps track of the vocabulary that you’re learning, and it recommends you examples and videos based on the words you’ve already learned. Every learner has a truly personalized experience, even if they’re learning the same video.

Start using FluentU on the website with your computer or tablet or, better yet, download the FluentU app from the iTunes store or get it on Google Play for Android devices.

If you liked this post, something tells me that you'll love FluentU, the best way to learn Spanish with real-world videos.

#1 – put away

= place an object in its proper location

Here are your clean clothes – please put them away.
(put them in the closet, in the dresser, etc.)

#2 – put back

= return an object to the location where it came from.
The opposite of “take something out”

After you’re done using the dictionary, put it back.
(put it in the bookshelf, in the location from which you originally took it)

#3 – put down

1. To write on a piece of paper (sometimes we just say “put” without “down”)

• I’m making a shopping list. I already put down bread, cheese, and butter – what else do we need to get?

2. To criticize and humiliate

• Every time I try to add something to the conversation, my brother puts me down by saying my opinions are stupid.

3. To kill an animal that is sick, old, suffering, or dangerous

• When our cat got cancer, we decided to put her down.

#4 – put forth / put forward

= to offer an idea, plan, or proposal for consideration

I’d like to put forward a suggestion or two.

#5 – put off

1. To delay doing something, procrastinate

• I’ve been putting off this assignment for the past week; I just can’t seem to get started!

2. Make a bad impression, make somebody repulsed or disgusted

• She seemed unfriendly. Her attitude really put me off.

#6 – put on

1. Start wearing or using (clothing, accessories, makeup)

• She put on her boots and got ready to go out in the rain.

2. Produce a show or performance

• The local theater company is putting on “Romeo and Juliet.”

3. (slang) Trick or deceive someone

• You won the lottery?! No way… you’re putting me on, right?
  (another similar expression is “You’re kidding”)

#7 – put out

1. Extinguish (a fire or cigarette)

• The firefighters quickly put out the fire in the apartment building.

2. Publish (usually a regular or frequent publication)

• The organization puts out a monthly newsletter.

3. Inconvenience someone

• Is it OK if I arrive early? I don’t want to put you out in any way.

#8 – put through

= transfer or connect somebody on the telephone

The customer service representative couldn’t help me, so he put me through to a manager.

#9 – put somebody up

1. Give somebody a place to stay at your home

• Don’t worry about finding a hotel – I can put you up for a few days.

2. If you put somebody up to something, it means you encourage or persuade the person to do something

• My son is normally very well-behaved, but his friends put him up to playing a prank on the teacher.

#10 – put up with

= tolerate; accept an annoying situation or behavior

I can’t put up with all the noise in the dormitory – I need a quieter place to study.